Document Details

Document Type : Project 
Document Title :
ICE STORAGE SYSTEM FOR THE AIR-CONDITIONING PLANT OF AL-HARAM HOLY MOSQUE
خزان طاقة ثلجي لمحطة تكييف الهواء بالحرم المكي الشريف
 
Subject : THERMAL ENG. DESALINATION TEC 
Document Language : Arabic 
Abstract : This study is motivated by the special energy situation in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, where the energy consumed for air conditioning presents nearly between 60-70% of the generated power. This condition puts angst on the future plans of the energy sector, which is seriously in consideration. Different programs for energy conservation have been launched and many are in adequate progress. Recently the use of cold storage tanks has been introduced and few of the large buildings in Riyadh have already integrated the technology with A/C plants. The importance of the energy storage technology has been demonstrated. Examples of buildings (in the Kingdom and abroad) that use chilled water or ice storage systems are cited. Comprehensive literature review showed that the successful use of energy storage systems depends mainly on the A/C load variation and the time rate of electricity. The governing equations for the process of ice build up on a coil have been developed in a general form, where two phase flow analysis was adopted. Therefore, the mathematical model can simply be used for the cases of direct and indirect energy storage analysis. It is suggested here to build ice storage facility in modular fashion, which makes design and construction a simple routine. 1000 TR storage capacity was selected; the coils (12.5 mm copper pipes) of 700 m length were designed to produce 37 tons of ice per hour. Sensitivity analysis showed that over loading the storage tanks reduces the mass of ice. The total mass of ice decreases with the presence of refrigerants superheat inside the coils. The performance of the ice tanks was investigated and showed that the hourly ice rate is nearly 30% below the ideal mass. This point should be taken into consideration in sizing out storage systems. Cost of ice storage tanks was related to the storage capacity in SR/kWh. The cooling load variation of the A/C units of the Holy Mosque at Mekkah is considered. The plant has 32 chillers of 420 TR capacity each. The load curve for an ordinary day (not in Ramadan or during Hajj) showed a peak of 5290 TR and an average of 4065 TR. Installing an ice storage system has been examined for two different scenarios. Partial storing where 11448 TRh is to be stored in 4 hours that costs about 1.38 million SR. This high cost offsets the feasibility of the storing at present. For a new tariff as 0.06 SR/ kWh and 0.26 SR/kWh during peak periods the cost benefit is marginal during 10 years pay back period after which the daily saving reaches 1718 SR. A full load storage scenario was also examined, which showed a saving of 14843 SR/d after the same payback period. The full load is an attractive approach even if the tariff reached the break even point of 0.0776 SR/kWh. A demonstration test unit that comprises an ice making coil of 75 m long and Glycol cooling loop, operating at -11oC was constructed in the laboratories of the Thermal Engineering Department and ready for future extension of the present work 
Publishing Year : 1424 AH
2004 AD 
Sponsor Name : kau 
Sponsorship Year : 1424 AH
2004 AD 
Added Date : Monday, November 9, 2009 

Researchers

Researcher Name (Arabic)Researcher Name (English)Researcher TypeDr GradeEmail
بدر احمد حبيبHabeebullah, Badr A.InvestigatorDoctorate 

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 24450.doc doc 

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